Digifish Seahorse Serial Port
Contents.Development history The existence of the chipsets was proven in October 2006 through two hardware websites in Chile and Spain which posted the leaked slides of an ATI internal event, 'ATI chipset update'. In the slides, ATI has shown a series of RD700 series chipset logics codenamed RD790, RX790, RS780 and RS740 respectively. A SB700 was also mentioned in the event. The 790X (codename RD780) chipset was spotted in Computex 2007, exhibited. The RS780D was first reported by HKEPC while the RX780H was first seen on ECS internal presentations.After the acquisition of ATI Technologies, AMD started to participate in the development of the chipset series. And as a result, the first performance and enthusiast segment chipsets products under the AMD brand, the 790FX, 790X and 770 chipsets were launched on November 19, 2007 as part of the Spider codenamed desktop performance platform.
The 780 chipset series, first launched in on January 23, 2008, and released worldwide on March 5, 2008 during 2008, mobile chipsets (M740G, M780G and M780T chipsets) were released on June 4, 2008 during 2008 as part of the and the 790GX chipset was released on August 6, 2008, while some other members released at a later date in 2008. The 785G was announced on August 4, 2009.Line-up 790FX. This article needs to be updated. Please update this section to reflect recent events or newly available information. This article needs to be updated. Please update this section to reflect recent events or newly available information.
( November 2010)The technology supports multiple video cards to be connected to enhance the visual display and 3D rendering capabilities of the system, using mode and/or scissor mode. Alternatively, systems with multiple video card CrossFire X setup will support multiple up to eight.For the AMD 790FX chipset, the technology allows up to 4 video cards to be connected, made possible as the chipset supports four physical x16 slots. The lanes can be configured for 4 slots at x8 bandwidth or 2 slots at x16 bandwidth (16x-16x, 8x-8x-8x or 8x-8x-8x-8x CrossFire X setup). Reports indicate 2.6 times the performance with triple-card CrossFire than that of a single card, and more than 3.3 times the performance increase for quad-card CrossFire. Have revealed in a leaked product presentation that the four card CrossFire X setup does not require CrossFire connectors; the data will be exchanged among the PCI-E slots which is monitored and controlled by Catalyst drivers.For the performance segment, CrossFire on the AMD 790X chipset has two physical x16 slots with one operating at x8 bandwidth (dual-card 8x-8x CrossFire), supporting up to four.Multi-graphics is also supported for the 790GX IGP chipset, named as.AMD OverDrive AMD OverDrive. Main article:The ATI Hybrid Graphics technology applies to all or some of the of this chipset series, technologies including,. Reports confirmed that the 790GX IGP (codenamed RS780D) chipset will be able to handle dual video card and IGP as a CrossFire X setup.
While executing DigiFish Dolphin, click right button of mouse to bring up the main menu and enter Interactive mode. To use any of the functions, just drag mouse and click on corresponding icon with the left button of mouse. Component of a life support device or system whose failure.
Retrieved June 7, 2008. November 26, 2006, at the. ^ (in Chinese): AMD touts Hybrid Crossfire X technology, combining IGP and GPU, available in Q2 2008. Retrieved December 12, 2007.
'RS780 and MCP78 to be released soon. ECS talks about Black Series Motherboards' (in Chinese). Hong Kong: PCweekly. Retrieved January 25, 2008. Retrieved October 8, 2007.
October 11, 2007, at the. Retrieved September 12, 2007. ^ (in Spanish) 2007-09-28 at the. ^ 2007-05-13 at the. Retrieved July 27, 2007. Retrieved October 17, 2007. December 16, 2008, at the.
January 29, 2008, at the. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
^ 'First look at Hybrid CrossFire. AMD RS780+SB700 enters the stage' (in Chinese). Hong Kong: PCWeekly.
2008-01-24. ^ (in Spanish) 2007-12-27 at the. Retrieved January 17, 2008. ^. Retrieved October 4, 2007.
October 14, 2007, at the. ^ (in Chinese). Retrieved October 25, 2007. ^ (in Chinese). Retrieved January 29, 2008.
^. Retrieved March 6, 2008. March 8, 2008, at the. ^ 2011-07-11 at the. Retrieved February 19, 2008.
Retrieved August 13, 2007. Archived from on 2007-06-09. Retrieved 2007-06-07. October 12, 2007, at the, retrieved on October 4, 2007. 2007-10-09 at the, retrieved on October 8, 2007. 2014-02-22 at the X-bit labs report.
Retrieved October 26, 2007., retrieved May 2, 2008 April 24, 2008, at the. (in Japanese).
Retrieved August 20, 2008. (in Japanese). Retrieved August 20, 2008.
^. 2007-10-15 at the. Retrieved October 4, 2007.
Retrieved 2013-02-10. Retrieved 2013-02-10. April 20, 2010, at the. Retrieved 2013-02-10.
Archived from on May 9, 2010. Retrieved February 19, 2016. (PDF)., page 14 (2.38 MB). Retrieved November 23, 2007. ^ 2007-10-12 at the. Retrieved October 12, 2007. October 19, 2007, at the.
Retrieved October 17, 2007. (in Chinese).
Test results according to AMD. Retrieved March 7, 2008.
(PDF)., page 14 (1.42 MB). Retrieved November 23, 2007. Archived from on 2007-02-08. Retrieved 2007-02-06. Retrieved October 25, 2007. (in Chinese).
Retrieved October 25, 2007. 2008-06-04 at the. Retrieved June 4, 2008. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
^. Retrieved July 21, 2007. 2007-08-13 at the. Retrieved August 1, 2007. ^. Retrieved 2013-02-10.: Stop error code 0x0000009F or Stop error code 0x000000FE on a Windows 7-based or Windows Vista-based computer that uses certain AMD USB EHCI host controllers. Retrieved 2013-02-10.
Retrieved 2013-02-10. Archived from on 2012-07-08. Retrieved 2013-02-10.External links.
Digifish Seahorse Serial Port Aransas
A connector used for a serial port on an computer along with the serial port symbol.In, a serial port is a interface through which information transfers in or out one at a time (in contrast to a ). Throughout most of the history of, data was transferred through serial ports to devices such as modems, and various peripherals.While such interfaces as, and all send data as a serial, the term serial port usually identifies hardware compliant to the standard or similar and intended to interface with a or with a similar communication device.Modern computers without serial ports may require USB-to-serial converters to allow compatibility with RS-232 serial devices. Serial ports are still used in applications such as industrial automation systems, scientific instruments, systems and some industrial and consumer products. Computers may use a serial port as a control console for diagnostics. Network equipment (such as routers and switches) often use serial console for configuration. Serial ports are still used in these areas as they are simple, cheap and their console functions are highly standardized and widespread.
A serial port requires very little supporting software from the host system. Contents.Hardware Some computers, such as the, use an called a. This IC converts characters to and from form, implementing the timing and framing of data in hardware. Very low-cost systems, such as some early, would instead use the to send the data through an pin, using the technique. Before (LSI) UART integrated circuits were common, a would have a serial port made of multiple small-scale integrated circuits to implement shift registers, logic gates, counters, and all the other logic for a serial port.Early home computers often had proprietary serial ports with pinouts and voltage levels incompatible with RS-232. Inter-operation with RS-232 devices may be impossible as the serial port cannot withstand the voltage levels produced and may have other differences that ' the user to products of a particular manufacturer.Low-cost processors now allow higher-speed, but more complex, serial communication standards such as and to replace RS-232.
These make it possible to connect devices that would not have operated feasibly over slower serial connections, such as mass storage, sound, and video devices.Many personal computer motherboards still have at least one serial port, even if accessible only through a. Small-form-factor systems and laptops may omit RS-232 connector ports to conserve space, but the electronics are still there. RS-232 has been standard for so long that the circuits needed to control a serial port became very cheap and often exist on a single chip, sometimes also with circuitry for a parallel port. A converter from USB to an RS-232 compatible serial port; more than a physical transition, it requires a driver in the host system software and a built-in processor to emulate the functions of the compatible serial port hardware.DTE and DCE The individual signals on a serial port are unidirectional and when connecting two devices the outputs of one device must be connected to the inputs of the other. Devices are divided into two categories (DTE) and (DCE). A line that is an output on a DTE device is an input on a DCE device and vice versa so a DCE device can be connected to a DTE device with a straight wired cable. Conventionally, computers and terminals are DTE while modems and peripherals are DCE.If it is necessary to connect two DTE devices (or two DCE devices but that is more unusual) a cross-over, in the form of either an adapter or a cable, must be used.Male and female.
DE-9 gender changers, showing both male (visible on the left) and female DE-9 connectors (visible on the right)Generally, serial port connectors are gendered, only allowing connectors to mate with a connector of the opposite gender. With connectors, the male connectors have protruding pins, and female connectors have corresponding round sockets.
Either type of connector can be mounted on equipment or a panel; or terminate a cable.Connectors mounted on DTE are likely to be male, and those mounted on DCE are likely to be female (with the cable connectors being the opposite). However, this is far from universal; for instance, most serial printers have a female DB25 connector, but they are DTEs. Connectors While the RS-232 standard originally specified a 25-pin, many designers of personal computers chose to implement only a subset of the full standard: they traded off compatibility with the standard against the use of less costly and more compact connectors (in particular the DE-9 version used by the original ). The desire to supply serial interface cards with two ports required that IBM reduce the size of the connector to fit onto a single card back panel.
A DE-9 connector also fits onto a card with a second DB-25 connector. Starting around the time of the introduction of the IBM PC-AT, serial ports were commonly built with a 9-pin connector to save cost and space. However, presence of a 9-pin D-subminiature connector is not sufficient to indicate the connection is in fact a serial port, since this connector is also used for video, joysticks, and other purposes.Some miniaturized electronics, particularly and hand-held and equipment, have serial ports using a, usually the smaller 2.5 or 3.5 mm connectors and use the most basic 3-wire interface.Many models of favor the related standard, mostly using German, except in the earliest models. The Macintosh included a standard set of two ports for connection to a printer and a modem, but some laptops had only one combined port to save space.Since most devices do not use all of the 20 signals that are defined by the standard, smaller connectors are often used. For example, the 9-pin DE-9 connector is used by most IBM-compatible PCs since the IBM PC AT, and has been standardized as TIA-574.
More recently, have been used. Most common are connectors, for which the standard defines a pinout, while the 'Yost Serial Device Wiring Standard' invented by Dave Yost (and popularized by the ) is common on computers and newer devices from. Connectors can be found on some devices as well.
Defined their own connection system which is based on the (MMJ) connector. This is a 6-pin modular where the key is offset from the center position. As with the Yost standard, DECconnect uses a symmetrical pin layout which enables the direct connection between two DTEs. Another common connector is the DH10 header connector common on motherboards and add-in cards which is usually converted via a cable to the more standard 9-pin DE-9 connector (and frequently mounted on a free slot plate or other part of the housing).
A 3560-16S used for RS-232 on a TWN-5213 CU tablet computer. Below is a mating 3540-16P-CV connector.Pinouts The following table lists commonly used RS-232 signals and pin assignments. Main article:Parity is a method of detecting errors in transmission.
When parity is used with a serial port, an extra data bit is sent with each data character, arranged so that the number of 1 bits in each character, including the parity bit, is always odd or always even. If a byte is received with the wrong number of 1s, then it must have been corrupted. However, an even number of errors can pass the parity check.Electromechanical teleprinters were arranged to print a special character when received data contained a parity error, to allow detection of messages damaged. Main article:In many circumstances a transmitter might be able to send data faster than the receiver is able to process it. To cope with this, serial lines often incorporate a ' method, usually distinguished between hardware and software handshaking.Hardware handshaking is done with extra signals, often the RS-232 RTS/CTS or DTR/DSR signal circuits. Generally, the RTS and CTS are turned off and on from alternate ends to control data flow, for instance when a buffer is almost full. DTR and DSR are usually on all the time and, per the RS-232 standard and its successors, are used to signal from each end that the other equipment is actually present and powered-up.
However, manufacturers have over the years built many devices that implemented non-standard variations on the standard, for example, printers that use DTR as flow control.Software handshaking is done for example with to control the flow of data. The XON and XOFF characters are sent by the receiver to the sender to control when the sender will send data, that is, these characters go in the opposite direction to the data being sent.
Digifish Seahorse Serial Portland
The circuit starts in the 'sending allowed' state. When the receiver's buffers approach capacity, the receiver sends the XOFF character to tell the sender to stop sending data. Later, after the receiver has emptied its buffers, it sends an XON character to tell the sender to resume transmission. It is an example of, where control information is sent over the same channel as its data.The advantage of hardware handshaking is that it can be extremely fast; it doesn't impose any particular meaning such as ASCII on the transferred data; and it is. Its disadvantage is that it requires more hardware and cabling, and these must be compatible at both ends.The advantage of software handshaking is that it can be done with absent or incompatible hardware handshaking circuits and cabling. The disadvantage, common to all in-band control signaling, is that it introduces complexities in ensuring that a) control messages get through even when data messages are blocked, and b) data can never be mistaken for control signals.
The former is normally dealt with by the operating system or device driver; the latter normally by ensuring that control codes are ' (such as in the ) or omitted by design (such as in ).If no handshaking is employed, an overrun receiver might simply fail to receive data from the transmitter. Approaches for preventing this include reducing the speed of the connection so that the receiver can always keep up; increasing the size of so it can keep up averaged over a longer time; using delays after time-consuming operations (e.g. In ) or employing a mechanism to resend data which has been corrupted (e.g. Virtual' serial ports.
Main article:A virtual serial port is an emulation of the standard serial port. This port is created by software which enable extra serial ports in an operating system without additional hardware installation (such as, etc.).
It is possible to create a large number of virtual serial ports in a PC. The only limitation is the amount of resources, such as operating memory and computing power, needed to emulate many serial ports at the same time.Virtual serial ports emulate all hardware serial port functionality, including, data bits, parity bits, stop bits, etc. Additionally, they allow controlling the data flow, emulating all signal lines (DTR, DSR, CTS, RTS, DCD, and RI) and customizing pinout. Virtual serial ports are common with and are the standard way of receiving data from Bluetooth-equipped GPS modules.Virtual serial port emulation can be useful in case there is a lack of available physical serial ports or they do not meet the current requirements. For instance, virtual serial ports can share data between several applications from one device connected to a serial port. Another option is to communicate with any other serial devices via internet or LAN as if they are locally connected to computer (/serial-over-Ethernet technology). Two computers or applications can communicate through an emulated serial port link.
Serial Port Cable
Virtual serial port emulators are available for many operating systems including MacOS, Linux, NetBSD and other Unix-like operating systems, and various mobile and desktop versions of Microsoft Windows.See also. References.